×î¼Ñ´ð°¸
¾çÇéÈçÏ»ƻƵÄÍøÕ¾ÍøÖ·Ãâ·Ñ£¨¼ÙÉè»Æ»ÆµÄÍøÕ¾ÍøÖ·Ãâ·ÑÊÇÒ»¸öÍøÕ¾»òÓ¦ÓóÌÐò£©£¬¾çÇé½éÉÜ£º
1. ÔÚÍâÈËÈ˳ÆÏ۵IJÅÉ«¼æ±¸¡°ÃÀÃá±£¬Ò»»Øµ½¼Ò£¬¾Í±äÉí³É²»ÎªÈËÖªµÄÒ»ÐÄ·¸ÀÁ¡°¸ÉÎïÃᱡ¡£¡£¿¼«¾¡ÎÞËùÊÂÊÂÖ®ÄÜʵĸÉÎïÃÃСÂñ£¬Ò»ÊÖ¿ÉÀÖÒ»ÊÖÊíÆ¬£¬³Á½þÓÚÂþ»¡¢ÓÎÏ·¡¢¶¯»¡¢ÍøÂç¡¡£¬½«Ò»Í¬Éú»îµÄ¸ç¸ç̫ƽ·ÅÖÃÔÚÅÔ£¬ÖÒÓÚÓûÍûÏòǰͻ½ø£¡ºÍͬ°àͬѧº£ÀÏÃû¡¢Çл桢ϣ¶û·ÒµÄ¹ØÏµÒ²Öð½¥¼ÓÉСÂñµÄÈÕ³£±äµÃÔ½À´Ô½ÈÈÄÖ£¡£¡£¡¡£
2. »Æ»ÆµÄÍøÕ¾ÍøÖ·Ãâ·ÑÀèС¾üÔÚ¿ì²ÍµêÓëͬÑù´Ó´ó½µ½¸ÛÌÖÉú»îµ«±Ü»ä̸×Ô¼ºÉí·ÝµÄÀîÇÌ£¨ÕÅÂüÓñÊΣ©½áʶºó£¬ÒòΪ¹²Í¬Ï²°®µËÀö¾ý£¬Á½ÈËÈËÔÚÒìÏçµÄ¹Â¶À¶¼ÓÐÁËijÖ̶ֳȵĻº½â£¬²¢ÔÚ½»ÍùµÄ¹ý³ÌÖÐÉú³öÁËÕæ°®£¬¿ÉÊÇÊÀÊÂÄÑÁÏ£¬Á½ÈË×îÖÕÎÞÄηÖÊÖ£¬ÀèС¾ü³ÉÁËСæÃµÄÀϹ«£¬ÀîÇ̸úÁËÔÚºÚÉç»á×öʵıª¸ç£¨ÔøÖ¾Î°ÊΣ©¡£È»¶øÒòΪµËÀö¾ý£¬Á½È˵ÄÔµ·Ö²¢Ã»µ½´ËΪֹ¡£
3. Îå°ÙÄêǰ£¬ÓÉʯºï±ä»¯¶ø³ÉµÄÆëÌì´óÊ¥ËïÎò¿Õ£¨ÕÅÀÚÅäÒô£©´óÄÖÌ칬£¬×îÖÕ±»ÈçÀ´·ð׿ÕòÔÚÁËÎåÐÐɽÏ¡£´ËÈ¥¾Ä꣬³¤°²³ÇÄÚͻȻÔ⵽ɽÑýÏ´½Ù£¬Í¯ÄÐͯŮ¿ÞÉùÁ¬Á¬£¬ÃüÐüÒ»Ïß¡£Î£»úʱ¿Ì£¬×ÔÓ×±»ÐнÅÉ®·¨Ã÷£¨ÎâÎÄÂ×ÅäÒô£©¸§Ñø³¤´óµÄ½Á÷¶ù£¨ÁÖ×Ó½ÜÅäÒô£©¾ÈÏÂÁËÒ»¸öСŮº¢£¬½á¹û·´ÔâɽÑý׷ɱ¡£¾¹ýÒ»·¬×·Ö𣬽Á÷¶ùÎÞÒâÖнâ³ýÁËËïÎò¿ÕµÄ·âÓ¡£¬ÆëÌì´óÊ¥×ÔÈ»ºÃºÃµØ½«É½Ñý½ÌѵÁËÒ»·¬¡£ÒòΪ·âӡδ½â¿ª£¬Îò¿Õ²»µÃ²»»¤ËͽÁ÷¶ùºÍСŮº¢»Ø³¤°²£¬Ò»Â·ÉÏÓÖÔâÓöÁËÖí°Ë½ä£¨Áõ¾ÅÈÝÅäÒô£©ºÍ°×ÁúÂí¡£
4. Âõ¿Ë¶û£¨°¢¶û¡¤ÅÁÎ÷ŵÊΣ©ÊÇÃÀÀû¼áºÚÊÖµ³¿ÆÀû°º¼Ò×åµÄÍ·Ä¿¡£Âõ¿Ë¶ûµÄ¸¸Ç×άÍС¤°²¶àÀïÄᣨÂÞ²®ÌØ¡¤µÂÄáÂÞÊΣ©³öÉúÓÚÒâ´óÀû¿ÆÀû°ºÕò¡£1901Ä꣬άÍеĸ¸Ç×°²¶«Äá°Â¡¢ÐÖ³¤±£ÂÞ¡¢Ä¸Ç×£¨ÂêÀöÑÇ¡¤¿¨ËþÊΣ©¶¼ËÀÓÚºÚÊÖµ³Î÷ÇǼÒ×åÖ®ÊÖ¡£9ËêµÄάÍÐÖ»µÃƯÑó¹ýº£ÌÓÍöÃÀÀû¼áıÉú¡£È뾳ʱ£¬º£¹Ø¹ÙÔ±£¨Àí²éµÂ¡¤ÎÖÉÊΣ©½«ÆäÃûÐյǼÇΪάÍС¤¿ÆÀû°º¡£1958Ä꣬Âõ¿Ë¶ûΪ¶ù×Ó°²¶«Äᣨղķ˹¡¤¹ÅÄÉÈð˹ÊΣ©¾Ù°ìÁ˳õÁìÊ¥ÌåµÄ¾Û»á£¬²»Ïëµ±Íí±ãÔâÓö°µÉ±¡£Âõ¿Ë¶û½ÄÐÒ¶ã¹ýÒ»½Ù£¬Á½ÃûɱÊÖÈ´±»ÈËÃð¿Ú¡£Î¬ÍÐÔÚÒì¹úËûÏçÈçºÎÉú´æ£¿ËûÉí¸ºµÄѪº£Éî³ðÄÜ·ñµÃ±¨£¿ÏëÒªÂõ¿Ë¶ûÐÔÃüµÄÊÇË£¿½«É±ÊÖÃð¿ÚµÄÓÖÊÇË£¿»Æ»ÆµÄÍøÕ¾ÍøÖ·Ãâ·Ñ
Èç¹û³¢ÊÔÁËÉÏÊö½â¾ö·½·¨ÈÔÈ»ÎÞ·¨´ò¿ª»Æ»ÆµÄÍøÕ¾ÍøÖ·Ãâ·Ñ£¬Çë³¢ÊÔÁªÏµ»Æ»ÆµÄÍøÕ¾ÍøÖ·Ãâ·ÑµÄ¼¼ÊõÖ§³ÖÍŶӻò·ÃÎʻƻƵÄÍøÕ¾ÍøÖ·Ãâ·ÑµÄ¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾»ñÈ¡¸ü¶à°ïÖúºÍÖ§³Ö¡£
Ïà¹ØËÑË÷
Ïà¹ØÎÊÌâ
Ïà¹Ø°Ù¿Æ
»Æ»ÆµÄÍøÕ¾ÍøÖ·Ãâ·ÑÓµÓоªÈËÉíÌåÄÜÁ¦µÄÉÙÄꡤ»¢ÕÈÓÆÈÊ£¬Ô±¾¹ý×ÅÆÕͨµÄ¸ßÖÐÉú»î£¬µ«Ä³ÌìËûΪÁ˾ÈÏÂÔâµ½¡°×çÖ䡱Ϯ»÷µÄͬ°é¶øÍÌÏÂÁËÌØ¼¶ÖäÎï¡°Á½ÃæËÞÙеÄÊÖÖ¸¡±£¬×Ô¼ºµÄ»êÆÇÒ²¼ÄËÞÁË×çÖä¡£×Ô´ËÓëÉíΪ×çÖäµÄ¡°Á½ÃæËÞÙС±¹²ÓÐÈâÌåµÄ»¢ÕÈ£¬ÔÚ×îÇ¿ÖäÊõʦÎåÌõÎòµÄ½éÉÜϱàÈëÁ˶Ô×çÖäרÃÅ»ú¹Ø¡¸¶«¾©¶¼Á¢ÖäÊõ¸ßµÈרÃÅѧУ¡¹¡¡ÎªÁËìð³ý×çÖ䣬»¯ÉíΪ×çÖäµÄÉÙÄêÎÞ·¨»ØÍ·µÄ׳¾øÎïÓ↑ʼÆô¶¯¡ª¡ª
²é¿´Ïêϸ°Ù¿Æ
